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Corporate & Commercial Law

Investment Law

Energy Law

Mining Law

Maritime Law

Environment & Climate Change Law

Dispute Resolution

Corporate & Commercial Law

At Royalty Legal, we provide comprehensive and strategic legal services to businesses at every stage of their lifecycle. Our Corporate & Commercial Law practice is designed to empower clients to navigate the ever-evolving regulatory landscape with confidence, ensuring their operations remain compliant, their risks are minimized, and their growth opportunities are maximized. Our services include but are not limited to:

  • Business Formation and Corporate Setting
  • Advising on optimal corporate vehicles and structures to align with clients’ strategic objectives, tax planning and regulatory requirements. We support the incorporation process, shareholders’ agreements, and partnership arrangements, facilitating smooth market entry and operational stability.

  • Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A)
  • Guiding clients through complex M&A transactions with thorough due diligence, negotiation, drafting, and execution of acquisition, sale and merger agreements including facilitation of cross-border transactions.

  • Corporate Governance and Regulatory Compliance
  • We provide legal guidance on corporate governance frameworks in line with Tanzanian laws and international standards. We help clients comply with the Companies Act, capital market regulations, financial disclosures, and anti-corruption and anti-money ålaundering among others.

  • Contract Negotiation and Drafting
  • Negotiate, form and craft clear, enforceable, and commercially sound contracts tailored to client needs including supply agreements, service contracts, distribution agreements, joint venture and strategic partnership agreements among others.

  • Due Diligence and Corporate Restructuring
  • Conducting comprehensive legal reviews to assess liabilities and operational risks, advising on restructuring options including capital reorganization, group restructuring, and compliance with tax and regulatory authorities.

  • Company Secretarial Services
  • Providing ongoing company secretarial support ensuring compliance with statutory obligations including filing annual returns, facilitating board meetings and resolutions, and maintaining corporate records.

Investment Law

Royalty Legal offers specialized and comprehensive legal advisory services to both local and international investors, assisting them in navigating and capitalizing on Tanzania’s diverse investment landscape. Our firm provides expert guidance on general investment schemes as well as the unique opportunities and regulatory frameworks presented by Special Economic Zones (SEZs).

  • General Investment Scheme

  • Comprehensive legal due diligence and risk assessment to identify and mitigate potential liabilities before committing capital.

    Strategic investment structuring focused on optimizing governance, control, and tax efficiency, including entity selection and cross-border considerations.

    Facilitating regulatory licensing, registration, and compliance covering environmental, labor, tax, immigration and sector-specific regulations.

    Drafting and reviewing investment business plans and other transactional documents that protect investor interests.

    Leveraging investment incentives, tax benefits, and government schemes to enhance financial viability and growth.

    Proactive continuous legal advisory to monitor regulatory changes and ensure ongoing compliance.

    Resolving investment disputes by leveraging negotiation, mediation, arbitration, or litigation to protect client assets and interests under national laws, bilateral investment treaties and through local or international dispute resolution mechanisms.

  • Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Scheme

  • Advising on laws, regulations, and operational frameworks governing special economic zones establishment, operations, and investment.

    Assisting with the establishment of SEZ investment, business plan preparations, licensing processes, business incorporation, and regulatory compliance.

    Structuring investments to exploit different SEZ components such as industrial parks, agriculture zones, export processing zones, free trade zones, science and technology parks, free ports, etc.

    Advise and facilitate matters related to tax incentives, customs benefits, and streamlined regulatory processes.

    Assisting with land acquisition, leasing arrangements, and property matters within SEZs.

    Navigating relationships with SEZ authorities and government agencies to facilitate smooth operations.

    Advising on dispute resolution within the SEZ context, ensuring investor protection and enforcement of rights under the SEZ regime.

Energy Law

Royalty Legal Energy Law practice offers comprehensive legal support tailored to Tanzania’s dynamic energy sector, encompassing traditional petroleum, natural gas industries, fuel importation, and renewable energy development. Our areas of practice include:


    Oil and Gas Exploration and Production: Advising on upstream operations including petroleum exploration rights, production licenses, concession agreements, and compliance with the Petroleum Act and subsidiary legislation. We assist in negotiating joint operating agreements, production sharing contracts, and farm-in/farm-out arrangements.

    Regulatory Compliance: Advising on adherence to mining regulations including mineral rights management, social and environmental obligations, local content requirements, royalty payments, and statutory reporting.

    Natural Gas: We provide guidance on licensing for exploration, production, processing, storage, and marketing of gas. We support documentation for gas lifting agreements, transportation contracts via pipelines, and sales agreements, ensuring clarity on pricing models, delivery obligations, and regulatory adherence.

    Dispute Resolution and Risk Management: Representing clients in disputes related to mining tenures, royalties, contract enforcement, and regulatory sanctions through negotiation, arbitration, and litigation, while advising on risk mitigation strategies.

    Fuel Importation: Legal assistance on the regulation governing the importation, storage, and distribution of petroleum products including gasoline, diesel, and other fuels. We guide clients through licensing requirements, customs regulations, and environmental standards related to fuel importation.

    Project Development and Financing: Advising on legal and regulatory aspects of mining project development, including infrastructure agreements and securing funding from commercial lenders, international financiers, and development agencies.

    Licensing and Regulatory Compliance: Supporting clients through all licensing procedures before regulators such as the Ministry of Energy, (TPDC), EWURA, and PURA.

    Energy Project Development and Financing: Facilitating structuring and negotiation of project finance agreements involving lenders, investment partners, and government stakeholders.

    Renewable Energy and Energy Transition: Supporting the development and regulation of renewable energy projects including solar, wind, biomass, and hydro. Advising on regulatory incentives, tariffs, power purchase agreements (PPAs), and renewable energy certificates.

Mining Law

Royalty Legal offers expert legal services to clients operating in Tanzania’s rich mining sector, ensuring full compliance with statutory, regulatory, and environmental obligations while maximizing operational efficiency and sustainable value creation. Our mining law practice covers:


    Licensing and Permitting: Assisting clients to secure exploration licenses, prospecting licenses, mining licenses, and retention licenses under the Tanzanian Mining Act and related legislation.

    Regulatory Compliance: Advising on adherence to mining regulations including mineral rights management, social and environmental obligations, local content requirements, royalty payments, and statutory reporting.

    Mining Contracts and Agreements: Drafting and negotiating joint venture agreements, mining concessions, off-take agreements, service contracts, and mineral rights transfers tailored to protect client interests and facilitate project financing.

    Dispute Resolution and Risk Management: Representing clients in disputes related to mining tenures, royalties, contract enforcement, and regulatory sanctions through negotiation, arbitration, and litigation, while advising on risk mitigation strategies.

    Tax and Fiscal Advisory: Guiding clients regarding mining taxes, royalties, investment incentives, and compliance with tax laws relevant to extractive activities.

    Project Development and Financing: Advising on legal and regulatory aspects of mining project development, including infrastructure agreements and securing funding from commercial lenders, international financiers, and development agencies.

Maritime Law

Royalty Legal offers expert legal services in Tanzania’s vital maritime sector, combining deep knowledge of local legislation and international maritime conventions. Our Maritime Law practice covers:


    Shipping and vessel registration compliant with Tanzanian and international maritime laws.

    Drafting and negotiating shipping contracts, charter parties, bills of lading, marine insurance policies, and freight forwarding agreements.

    Legal support for port operations, terminal agreements, and logistics contracts in line with Tanzanian Ports Authority regulations.

    Handling maritime claims such as cargo loss, damage, salvage, collision, pollution, and crew claims.

    Navigating Tanzania’s maritime regulatory framework, including compliance with the Tanzania Merchant Shipping Act and regional maritime protocols.

    Advising on marine environmental regulations and liabilities under applicable international conventions.

    Representing clients in arbitration, mediation, or litigation of maritime disputes domestically and internationally.

    Supporting vessel financing, seizure, arrest procedures, and related commercial activities.

Environment & Climate Change Law

Royalty Legal delivers comprehensive legal services to support clients in meeting Tanzania’s evolving environmental quality regulations while also addressing critical climate change challenges and opportunities.

  • Environmental Quality Standards Compliance

  • Assisting companies to obtain and maintain environmental permits and licenses necessary for operations, ensuring adherence to waste management, water quality, air emissions, and soil protection standards.

    Supporting clients through Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes ensuring statutory and community considerations are met.

    Representing clients in regulatory audits, investigations, and disputes related to environmental quality breaches or enforcement actions.

    Facilitating environmental infrastructure project contracts such as waste treatment and pollution prevention systems.

  • Climate Change Advisory and Carbon Trade

  • Advising on national climate change frameworks including Tanzania’s commitments and response strategies aligned with global agreements.

    Supporting businesses and public entities in climate risk assessment, adaptation planning, and sustainability reporting.

    Legal support and facilitation of carbon credit projects, helping clients navigate carbon market mechanisms and verification processes consistent with international and local regulations.

    Structuring clean energy and green finance projects, including renewable energy financing agreements and public-private partnerships focused on climate resilience.

    Representation in environmental and climate-related dispute resolution and regulatory consultations, ensuring your legal position is protected and advanced in this rapidly developing area.

Dispute Resolution

Royalty Legal offers robust and strategic dispute resolution services rooted in a deep understanding of Tanzania’s legal system and commercial environment. We assist clients in effectively managing and resolving disputes across a wide range of sectors by combining thorough legal analysis with pragmatic and efficient advocacy.

  • Our dispute resolution practice encompasses both litigation at all court levels i.e. District Court, High Court and Court of Appeal while our and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods, includes both local and international arbitration and mediation, reflecting Tanzania’s growing emphasis on resolving commercial conflicts outside the courtroom where possible. W handle a number of disputes in key Tanzanian industries such as mining, energy, construction, banking and insurance.
  • Investment Disputes: Advising and representing foreign and local investors in disputes involving investment treaties, government contracts, and public-private partnerships (PPPs), including dispute prevention and enforcement of arbitral awards. - Enforcement of Judgments and Arbitral Awards: Advising on and facilitating enforcement procedures within Tanzania and across jurisdictions, ensuring clients’ rights and remedies are effectively realized.